Many individuals and schools around the world believe in ‘learning styles’. The commonly acknowledged styles are visual, auditory and kinesthetic/tactile. The theory proposes that if every student were taught in their corresponding style their academic performance would have significant improvement. Surveys in the US indicate 80-95% of individuals believe in this myth. Additionally, most educators allocate resources towards tailoring education to these different styles. Students are even given tests to determine their style of learning
This myth is becoming increasingly prevalent. Some teaching certifications include courses specifically centered on these learning styles, which leads to more and more individuals believing in it. This is especially true for teachers of younger students. Educators are continuing to squander their efforts and students are less likely to step out of their comfort zone to use different study methods.
While people may have preferences towards different styles, the belief that you are naturally predisposed to one and that you should primarily focus on it is false. Not only have multiple scientific studies proven that focusing on one’s learning style does not impact academic performance, research also suggests that it is detrimental. Each style of learning has its own advantages and disadvantages. While visual learning is extremely useful for critical thinking (like analyzing texts), auditory is beneficial for memorization and kinesthetic is key for retention and engagement (like for learning languages). So when educators drive students to learn with only one method, it is actually limiting them.
To address this issue, instructors should shift their focus to utilizing different learning styles for different learning goals. For example providing a wide range of educational experiences such as interactive exercises, group discussions and written assignments while actually communicating their different purposes. Additionally (particularly for younger students), incentivizing students to use learning strategies that they’re less inclined towards. Instead of focusing on initial preferences, the emphasis should be on engagement. Finally, one key driving force that perpetuates these types of myths is the desire for categorization. People enjoy organizing themselves into different groups (for example the MBTI test). While these groups may be helpful for analyzing yourself, it can also lead to over generalization and conformity. Students should be shown that they don’t belong in specific groups because they are constantly changing and growing.